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-Ed分词-Ed Participle

动词的一种非限定形式,以-ed为词尾。用于表示完成体(the chairman has resigned主席已经辞职了)和被动语态(the chairman was persuaded to resign主席被劝说辞职)。
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-Ed分词从句-Ed Participle Clause

动词为-ed分词形式的从属句。例如Tired of the long meeting, John left(厌倦了长时间的会议,约翰离开了)
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省略Ellipsis

指句子虽省略从句、短语、单词但意思可以根据上下文还原的现象。例如

A: Can I have a glass of wine?我能来一杯酒吗?
B: Yes you can [have a glass of wine]
是的你能[来一杯酒]

括号内的短语即省略的内容。

强调Emphasis

助动词的NICE特性中的一种,例如I do like carrots(我的确喜欢胡萝卜), I can speak French(我能够说法语)。
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附读字Enclitic

助动词的缩略形式。

I have left ~I've left

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感叹句Exclamative Sentence

用于发出感叹的句子。例如How tall you've grown!(你长的这么高了啊!)

排他副词Exclusive Adverb

一类用于排除某些可能性的副词。例如 It was just Mary who saw me只有玛丽看到了我)。


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存现句Existential Sentence

包含存现的 there的句子,如here is a man in the garden花园里有一个人)。


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存现的there Existential there

用于引导存现句。例如There is a fly in my soup(在我的汤里有一只苍蝇)。
区别于用作状语(表示方位)的there

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外置Extraposition

作为主语或直接宾语的从句转换到不同于寻常的位置、而由先行词it来替代的现象。

That John isn't coming is clear(约翰不来是无疑的) ~It is clear that John isn't coming(显然约翰不来)

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