On two functions of the directional complements Lai and Qu in Mandarin
汉语方位补语 '来' '去' 的两个功能
Hideki Kimura 木村秀树

Abstract 摘要
This paper deals with two specific types of Mandarin constructions using the two directional verbs lái ‘come’ and qù ‘go’ as complements to preceding main verbs: one with lái or qù before the object and the other with it after. It is argued that an aspectual opposition is found between the two constructions, which can be ascribed to the functional difference between the two orderings of components. Specifically, the construction in which the directional complement follows the object carries motion aspect, while the construction in which it precedes implies a static aspect which is the result of previous motion. The interrelations of syntax and semantics in the two constructions have not been hitherto closely observed in the analysis of directional complements in Mandarin.

本文讨论汉语里两种带方位补语‘来’‘去’的结构：一种是‘来’‘去’置于宾语之前；一种是置于宾语之后。我们认为这两种结构有时貌的对立，此一对位可归因于结构成份词序在功能上的区别。换言之，方位补语后置的结构表动作貌，而方位补语前置的结构表动作结果的静止貌。在汉语的方位补语分析上，这两种结构的句法和语义的相互关系向来没有详细的考察过。

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