Antonymous Hanmun pairs in Korean and other East Asian languages
古汉语的反义对词在朝鲜语及远东诸语言中的借用
Romuald Huszcza

Abstract 摘要
“Antonymous pairs” of Chinese origin in Korean form a large set of characteristic expressions: their analysis may be very instructive for a synchronic investigation of the linguistic status of Classical Chinese loanwords in modern East Asian languages, i.e. Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese and even modern standard Chinese. From the lexicological point of view they are bimorphemic nouns. Still, judging from their behavior within texts, they seem not to be merely single nouns but can play a role similar to that of a two-element phrase or even a clause. This functional peculiarity is clearly observable in strings consisting of Sino-Korean elements only. Here the antonymous pairs show their linguistic autonomy preserved within the guest language and systemic distinctness from the genuine elements. Consequently, they can serve as clear evidence of the co- and poly-systemic character of Korean and other East Asian languages.

古汉语的反义对词在现代朝鲜语中是一个很大的，并富有特色的词汇群。在东亚诸语言（日语，越南语，甚至现代汉语）中的这些反义对词对我们共时地探讨古汉语借词在语言学中的位置是极为有用的。从词汇角度看，这些反义对词都是双语素的名词。但在句法上，这些词就不仅仅是单独的名词，有时可以起到与短语相类似的作用。这种功能上的特征在朝鲜语中全由汉字构成的短语中表现得尤为明显。这些反义对词在借用语言中保留了其原有的区别性。这样，这些反义对词可以为朝鲜语及其它远东语言的多体系性和共体系性的特性提供证据。

<< Back 返回

Readers 读者