Language in China: A chapter in the history of linguistics
汉语语言学发展的历史回顾
William S-Y.Wang 王士元
Abstract 摘要
The dawn of linguistics in China can be traced to the 4th century B.C. At the time Plato was discussing the nature of words in ancient Greece, Xunzi was writing on the same topic, coming to conclusions which are remarkably similar. The first major study of linguistic geography [by Yang Xiong] was published at the beginning of the Christian era. In contrast, comparable work in linguistic geography in Europe began in the 19th century. Yang’s study was closely followed by an extensive dictionary [by Xu Shen]. Phonological studies emerged as early as in the 3rd century. Impressive results were achieved in the reconstruction of ancient pronunciations, especially toward the end of the 16th century [by Chen Di]. This was some 200 years before comparable work began in the west, with the Indo-European hypothesis. Systematic work on grammar, however, emerged in China as a result of European influence only at the end of the 19th century [by Ma Jianzhong]. The fact that the various parts of linguistics have developed in China at such different rates is related to the three most distinctive characteristics of her primary language: it is tonal, it has no inflectional morphology, and it is written with morpho-syllabic graphs.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics volume 17 (ISSN 0091-3723)
Copyright © 1989 Journal of Chinese Linguistices. All rights reserved.