The head in wo pao de kuai
＂我跑得快＂的主要谓语动词
John Xiang-ling Dai 戴相陵

Abstract 摘要
How to analyze the resultative construction in Chinese is one of the long-disputed topics in the literature of Chinese syntax. The issue centers on whether the first verb (VI) or the second verb (V2) should be treated as the head verb in the construction. Six cross-linguistic properties characterizing HEAD are reviewed and five of them are shown to be generalizable to Chinese: semantic functor, subcategorizand, morphosyntactic locus, distributional equivalent, and obligatory element. These properties demonstrate that it is V1, and not V2, that should be analyzed as the head of the resultative construction - - a conclusion which leads to some• satisfying consequences concerning the utility of the discourse information center and the constraint on the verbal subcategorization frame in Chinese.

怎样分析汉语＂得＂字动补结构＂我跑得快＂是中文句法界长期争论不休的一个问题。争论的焦点在于把＂跑＂还是＂快＂分析成为该结构的主要谓语动词(head)。本文研究了人类语言主要谓语动词的六项特征，并论证其中五项适用于汉语。这五项特征是句法结构中语义功能的作用者(semantic functor)，次范畴的支配者(sub-categorizand)，构词形态词干(morpho-syntactic locus)，分布上的同等结构(distributional equivalent)以及构句必要成份(obligatory element)。这些特征表明＂得＂字结构的主要谓语动词是第一个动词＂跑＂，而不是第二个动词＂快＂。本文的结论还有助于探讨汉语中其他两个概念。语言信息中心(information center)的功用和动词次范畴所受的约束(verbal subcategorization constraint)。

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