Bidirectional diffusion in sound change revisited
再论语音变化的双向扩散
Chinfa Lien 连金发

Abstract 摘要
This paper furnishes dialectal materials to substantiate the thesis of bidirectional diffusion in sound change put forward in Wang and Lien (1993). The proposed mechanism of sound change is confirmed by the finding of other independent studies. It also gives more documentary evidence of the historical development of ZSBQ and discusses the typological patterns of its modern development as well as the interaction of northern and southern tone systems in a single dialect. Lastly, in the light of previous studies I provide evidence to show the link between sound change and lexicon. This perspective has theoretical implications for the study of the phonological history of grammatical particles.

王-连（1993）提出语音变化的双向扩散的论点。那篇文章限于篇幅，未能罗列资料，上在补上，以资佐证。作者趁此机会补充讨论汉语史和现代方言中浊上变去的发展类型和各种变化的阶段，主要是从历时和共时的观点，论证浊成变去的音变是透过词汇扩充完成的。我们以双向扩散模式解释方言中文白语音层次的交互影响，这和最近的研究发现不谋而合，北方方言浊上归去，而南方方言则浊上浊去分立；南北型并存的（如潮州）方言中优势的北方型正促成的南方型浊上浊去的合流。另外本文也指出语音的演变并不单是音类的转换，音变与语词的是否常用息息相关；虚词和实词音变的速度也不一样。这些现象和词汇扩散论的立论是相符的。

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