Morphology in Old Chinese
古汉语形态构词法
Edwin G. Pulleyblank 蒲立本

Abstract 摘要
After introductory remarks, morphological patterns that have been identified in Old Chinese are summarized under the major headings: Affixation Prosodic Alternation, Syllabic Reduplication and Compounding. Types of affixation discussed include: Departing Tone (suffix*-s); voicing of initial obstruents (*a as a prefix); ablaut (*a as an infix); Rising Tone (*-a as suffix); prefix *s; initial aspiration (from onset reduplication); prefix (or infix?) *r, presyllable *k- (also *t-, *p-, *m-?); suffixes *-n and *-t; suffix *-k in distributives and demonstrative pronouns that emphasize the subject; miscellaneous. To conclude, some remarks are made about the decay of Old Chinese affixational processes and the development into an isolating language.

在给出简介性的评论之后，古汉语中已获确认的形态成分被概括为以下主要类型：词缀附加，韵律交替，音节重叠以及复音合构词。就词缀附加的类型所讨论的主要问题包括：去声（后缀*-s）、阻塞音声母的浊化（*a作为前缀）、元音交替（*a作为中缀）、上声（*a 作为后缀）、前缀*s- 、声母的送气（源自首音重叠）、前缀（或者中缀？）*r 、音节*k- （另有*t- 、 *p-、*m-?）、后缀*-n 以及*-t、表示逐指或出现于用以强调主语的指示代词之中的后缀*-k、杂类。本文作为结论性的若干意见涉及到古汉语中词缀附加过程的入监萎缩以及向孤立语的发展。

<< Back 返回

Readers 读者