On the Structure of /iu/ and /ui/ in Sixian Hakka
论四县客语/iu/与/ui/的结构
Hui-chuan Hsu 许慧娟

Abstract 摘要
This paper examines the structure of /iu/ and /ui/ in Sixian Hakka by means of phonological processes, syllable contraction, co-occurrence restrictions, rhyming patterns, and phonetic measurement. Except co-occurrence restrictions, which fail to reflect the compositional structure of the two diphthongs under investigation, all other linguistic evidence shows that /iu/ is a falling diphthong, and /ui/ is a rising diphthong. The result has two theoretical implications. One indicates that the X-theory (Levin 1985) together with a language-specific sonority hierarchy pinpoints the syllable structure of Sixian Hakka. The other reveals that Kiparsky’s (1979) sonority scale of a > e > o > i > u holds true in Sixian Hakka.

本文藉由音韵规律、音节缩减、共存限制、押韵型态以及语音丈量审视四县客语/iu/与/ui/的组成结构。发现除了共存限制不足为凭，其余的语言证据都显示/iu/是降双元音，而/ui/是升双元音。本文论证结果有两项理论上的贡献：一是 Levin (1985)的X空缺理论加上个别语言的响度排比可以确实描述四县客语的音节结构；一是Kiparsky (1979)的响度排比 a > e > o > i > u 适用于四县客语。

Subject Keywords 关键词

Onset friction 声母摩擦化 Syllable contraction 音节缩减 Co-occurence restriction 共存限制 Rhyming patterns 押韵类型 Energy amplitude 能量强度

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