The Experimental Research on Prosody Restrained Syntax
韵律制约句法的实验研究－以动补带宾句为例
Dan Deng 邓丹; Feng Shi 石锋; Shengli Feng 冯胜利

Abstract 摘要
The relation between sentence validity and complement duration in three kinds of “VR+NP” sentences were studied in this paper. The analyses revealed that the effect of prosody restrained syntax was obvious in Chinese. the sentences validity were restrained not only by the syllable number and syllable type of complement, but also by duration of complement. The durations of “VR+NP” were shortest, while their judgment scales were highest; the durations of “VRR+NP” were longest, while their judgment scales were lowest; because the duration of neutralized syllable was shorter than normal syllable, the judgment scales of “VRr+NP” were lower than “VR+NP” but higher than “VRR+NP”. The exception of results farther shows that the effect of complement duration on sentence validity of “VR+NP” was more important. If the complement duration reached or exceeded the duration of two normal syllables, the sentence validity would decrease, however, if the complement duration less than the duration of two normal syllables, the sentence validity would increase. In addition, the results of duration data also indicated that the neutralized word in Chinese developed continuously, moreover, the tendency of increase and decrease existed and effected together.

本文通过句子合法性评判实验和声学测量实验，考察了三类不同的动补带宾句的句子合法性程度与其补语时长间的关系。结果表明，汉语的韵律对句法存在明显的制约作用，在各类动补带宾句中，句子的合法性程度不仅要受到补语的音节数量的制约，而且还要受到补语时长的制约。双音节动补型的时长最短，其合法性程度最高；不含轻声的三音节动补型的时长最长，其合法性程度最低；含有轻声的三音节动补型，由于轻声音节在时长表现上比带正常重音的音节短，使得其合法性程度介于不含轻声的三音节动补型与双音节动补型之间。实验结果中的例外现象进一步说明，动补带宾句的合法性程度和补语时长间的关系更为密切，补语的时长如果达到或超过两个非轻声音节的长度，整个句子的合法性就会降低；补语的时长如果小于两个非轻声音节的长度，整个句子的合法性就会增加。另外，时长数据的统计结果还表明，汉语的轻声是不断发展变化的，轻声词衰减与增长的趋势同时存在，共同制约着汉语轻声的发展。

Keywords 关键词

Prosody 韵律 Syntax 句法 VR+NP 动补带宾 Duration 时长 Neutral Tone 轻声

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