Intonation and respiration: A preliminary analysis
语调与呼吸的关系初探
Feng Shi 石锋; Jinyu Zhang 张锦玉; Xuejun Bai 白学军; Zhaohong Zhu 朱昭红

Abstract 摘要
The article is intended to explore the correlation between respiratory behaviors and speech prosody and that between respiratory behaviors and discourse implications. To this end，an experiment was designed to record the respiratory curves of 12 subjects during the assigned read-aloud speech with the help of respiratory transducers. The subsequent quantitative analysis and interpretation of the experiment recordings reveal the difference between respiratory movements in speech and in natural state. Unlike natural respiration, every respiratory parameter in speech is closely related to the prosodic hierarchy. A notable and telling example is the respiratory slope. When it varies, the breath curves can be divided into 3 types-normal, steep and flat respectively; each of them corresponds to either different levels in a prosodic hierarchy or distinct semantic features. With this and other examples, a conclusion can be drawn that the respiratory movements in speech are consistent with discourse structure, discourse implication and expression of emotions, reflecting how each speaker understands and chunks the prosodic units at different levels.

本文使用呼吸传感器对12位被试朗读时的呼吸曲线进行了量化分析和解读，探讨了呼吸在话语节律中的表现及其与韵律、语义的关系。结果表明，话语呼吸节律与自然呼吸节律不同，呼气和吸气曲线的各参数均与韵律单位等级有着密切的关系。根据呼吸斜率的不同，话语呼吸曲线均可分为陡、缓、平三种类型，它们或对应为不同的韵律等级，或负载着不同的语义特征，说明话语呼吸的升降变化是人们在说话时话语结构、话语意义以及情感表达的伴随现象，反映了说话人对不同级别韵律单位的理解和处理过程。

Keywords 关键词

Respiration 呼吸 Speech 韵律 Rhythm 韵律 Respiratory slope 呼吸斜率 Intonation 语调

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