Cognitive models obtained by studying body-part names of Hakka and She
从身体部位名称看客畲的认知模型
Xiaohua Deng; Xiaoling Deng 邓晓华; 邓晓玲

Abstract 摘要
Names of body parts have an extremely important value not only in historical linguistics, but also in grammar of which they are the cognitive basis. Some of the concept of spatial orientation is the result of extension of body-parts. Similarly, many names of things have a relationship with names of body-parts. By examining words of spatial orientation and time, we conclude that Hakka has zoomorphic model and anthropomorphic model in space and time cognition, but She used human model and astronomical reference to understand the spatial orientation, and we also found that there are some problems in studying etymology. By examining some of the names of things, we identified that there are many similarities when She and the Hakka naming things. They are guided by these mechanisms---- Top-down strategy , Part-to-whole strategy and sometimes refer to the shape of things, character, function and other factors. We point out that the classification and the naming of things of Hakka is different from the nomenclature and classification of systematic biology. It is influenced by traditional culture, following indigenous mechanisms in classification and naming of things. There are similarities and differences of the cognitive models obtained by studying body-part names of Hakka and She. They reflected the same characteristics and also unique features of cognition of human beings. The unique features confirm the Sapir - Whorf Hypothesis.

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