Readers 读者
Temporal sequence structure and the aspect marker -zhe in Chinese
时间顺序结构与时貌标记「着」
Hui-hua Hwang 黄惠华; James H-Y.Tai 戴浩一
Abstract 摘要
This paper discusses the distribution of aspect marker -zhe in Chinese serial verb constructions (SVCs) with the aim of accounting for the factors that constrain its distribution. It is proposed that both event types and temporal structure should be taken into consideration. It has been pointed out that the occurrence of the aspect marker -zhe with V1 in SVCs requires that V1 denoted an unbounded eventuality. That is, when the first subevent of an SVC is an activity, a stage-level state, or a semelfactive, the aspect marker -zhe must occur in the SVC, whereas when the first subevent of an SVC is an accomplishment, an achievement, or an individual-level state, the aspect marker -zhe must not occur. In addition, the aspect marker -zhe is obligatory when the two subevents have full overlapping temporal structure, while it is prohibited when there is no or partial overlap in temporal structure. Moreover, we have explained why an SVC without -zhe may have multiple readings, but the ambiguous readings disappear when it occurs with the aspect marker -zhe.
本文主要探讨时貌标记「着」在包含两个事件的连动式中的分布情形，即「着」何时可以出现在连动式中第一个动词之后，何时不能。经研究发现，「着」能否出现，与连动式中第一个动词的动词种类（event types）有关，但动词的种类并非决定「着」是否出现的唯一因素，还必须看连动式中两个事件在时间顺序结构上是否重迭。如果两个事件发生的时间顺序完全重迭，则「着」一定要出现；如果两个事件发生的时间顺序没有重迭，则「着」一定不能出现。此外，我们也解释了「着」的出现与否将影响该连动式的语意诠释。当「着」没有出现时，该连动式可以有多种语意诠释；当「着」出现时，该连动式只能有表方式/状态与动作的语意诠释。
Subject Keywords 关键词
Serial verb construction 连动式 Aspect marker 时貌标记 zhe 着 Event structure 事件结构 Temporal sequence 时间顺序原则