Readers 读者
The phonological representation of Cantonese in two books by Joshua Marshman: The Macao dialect in the late eighteenth century
马士曼所记录之粤语音 -- 十八世纪末的澳门方言
Masayuki Yoshikawa 吉川雅之
Abstract 摘要
Along with Robert Morrison, Joshua Marshman is renowned for being a pioneer of Protestant missionary who translated the Bible into Chinese and for his studies on Chinese. Two of his books, The works of Confucius containing the original text and Dissertation on the characters and sounds of the Chinese language, were published by the Mission Press in Serampore, India in 1809. In them, he used the Romanized transcription for Cantonese pronunciation, the phonological features of which are examined in this paper with respect to initials and rimes. This paper identifies the dialect of Cantonese reflected by the transcription through a comparison of some Cantonese dialects found in nineteenth-century materials. Then, using these materials, the paper determines the speaker in the transcription. The conclusion reached is that the Romanized transcription is a reflection of the Macao dialect and that the speaker is an Armenian youth, Johannes Lassar, who helped Marshman translate the Bible into Chinese.
马士曼在圣经汉译和汉语研究方面是与马礼逊一起被并称为先驱的基督新教传教士。他于1809年在印度塞兰坡出版了两本著书《孔子著作》和《汉语字音研究》，当中使用拉丁字母标注粤语音。本文探讨这套字音的声韵特点。首先通过与一些用欧文记录的十九世纪粤语资料进行比较，确定其基础方言，进而利用一些史料阐明为马士曼提供粤语音的语言合作人是谁。本文得出的结论是：这套字音表示的是澳门方言，语言合作人是帮助马士曼汉译圣经的亚美尼亚青年拉沙。
Subject Keywords 主题词
Early Cantonese 早期粤语 Macao dialect 澳门话 Pronunciation of Chinese character 字音 Material written in European language 欧文资料 Johannes Lassar 拉沙 Chinese translation of the Bible 汉译圣经