The graphemic representation of English loanwords in Cantonese
粤语中的英语借词书写方法 (英文)
Roberts Bauer 包睿舜

Abstract 摘要
Down through the history of their contact over more than 200 years, Cantonese has borrowed many words from English and assimilated them into its lexicon primarily via phonetic transliteration. Although Cantonese has developed a written form, it has never been formally standardized. One result of the lack of standardization has been variation in both the phonetic and graphemic representations of loanwords, with some loanwords having two or more competing pronunciations and written forms; further, the means of graphemic representation also varies with some loanwords being written entirely with Chinese characters, or entirely with letters of the English alphabet, or in a combination of Chinese characters and letters together. Some degree of systematicity underlies this variability and so allows us to identify five main ways by which English loanwords are being graphemically represented in the contemporary Cantonese language of Hong Kong.

两百多年前,在广东省粤语和英语已经开始有历史性的接触关系。粤语与英语之间的密切接触,使这两种语言的发展相互影响。很明显的标志之一,是粤语从十九世纪开始一直到现在,使用音译方法借用很多英语词汇。同时这些借词也丰富了粤语的词库。 在1997年以前香港是英国殖民地, 所以在香港英语是一种重要的政治和经济语言。不过在社会方面, 粤语不但是香港人口头的优势语言, 同时也逐渐演变成书面语。 由于书面粤语还没通过标准化书写的过程, 所以英语借词不一定有固定的发音或写法, 换言之, 在发音和书写方面, 有些借词有变异现象, 有些借词可能有两种或两种以上的发音和写法。因此, 我们发现有些借词是完全用汉字写成的, 也有一部分完全是用拉丁字母写成的, 还有一些借词是把汉字和拉丁字母合并而成. 虽然借词有变异情况, 不过它们的书写方法还具有系统性的特点。据此,我们可以说, 现代香港书面粤语使用五种基本的书写方法来代表英语借词。

Subject Keywords 关键词

Cantonese 粤语 English loanwords 英语借词 Graphemic representation 书写方法

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