INFLUENZA
Influenza is an acute febrile illness mainly affecting the respiratory tract. It is present in Hong Kong all year round and is especially common in February, March and July. In Hong Kong, the commonest subtypes of influenza are influenza A (H3N2), influenza A (H1N1) and influenza B. The influenza subtypes are classified by the antigenic properties of the surface glycoproteins. Frequent mutation of the genes encoding the surface glycoproteins, especially for influenza A virus, leads to the emergence of new subtypes that are responsible for epidemics or pandemics.
Treatment
Antibiotics are not effective against influenza virus unless there is also complicating bacterial infection. Patients having good past health recover within a week in most cases. The general management and symptomatic treatment are recommended:
  • General Management
    • Have plenty of fluid, nutritious and easily digested food
    • Take adequate rest
    • Maintain good ventilation
    • Observe good personal hygiene ¡V thorough hand-washing. Cover mouth with tissue paper while coughing.
    • Wear mask to prevent transmitting the virus to the people
Prevention
  • The best protection against influenza is by having good body resistance. This can be achieved by adequate rest, balanced diet, regular exercise, reducing stress and no smoking. Good ventilation should be maintained. Avoid crowded places if you are not feeling well.
  • Influenza vaccination can help to reduce complications due to influenza especially among the elderly and patients with chronic cardiac or respiratory diseases.

The vaccination has to be repeated every year due to the changing types of endemic virus.