Syntax and semantics of postverbal secondary predicates in Taiwan Southern Min
台湾闽南语动后次要谓语的句法与语意
Huei-Ling Lin 林惠玲

Abstract 摘要
Postverbal secondary predicates (PSP) in Taiwan Southern Min (TSM) are introduced by -kah4, -liau2, or -tioh8, each of which carries a different denotation. This paper argues that the PSPs introduced by each of these three markers can be further divided into three types—resultative, descriptive, and extent. The arguments are based on the scope of modification, the formation of passivization, and word order. Moreover, there exist co-occurrence restrictions between the main verb and the PSPs; achievement and accomplishment compound verbs are incompatible with PSPs. Even though PSPs with different markers behave similarly, they still differ in at least one aspect. PSPs introduced by -kah4 may be deleted, while those introduced by -liau2 or -tioh8 are not optional.

台湾闽南语的动后次要谓语可由“kah”“了”或“着”所引导,其中每一标志所表达的语意稍有不同。而每一标志所引导的动后次要谓语皆可进一步分为三类:结果、状态、程度。本提案的论证来自修饰范域、被动形成、及词序的考量。此外,主要动词及动后次要谓语之间存有共存限制;成就与瞬间复合动词无法与动后次要谓语共存。虽然不同标志所引导的动后次要谓语有相似的句法表现,它们之间至少还有一项差异。由kah所引导的动后次要谓语可以省略,而由了或着所引导的则为必要的成分。

Keywords 关键词

Taiwan Southern Min 台湾闽南语 Postverbal secondary predicate 动后次要谓语 Postverbal marker 动后标志 Resultative 结果 Descriptive Extent 状态程度


Journal of Chinese Linguistics vol.45, no.1 (June 2017): 68-103
Copyright © 2017 Journal of Chinese Linguistices. All rights reserved.

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