Readers 读者
The condition and change of 共 vis-À-vis 合 in Southern Min with a sidelight on intra-dialectal variation
闽南语中「共」相对于「合」的限制和演变兼论方言内部的差异
Chinfa Lien 连金发
Abstract 摘要
There are three kinds of kang7 共 attested in the sixteenth century and later Southern Min playscripts as well as the Chinese-character and Romanized Southern Min texts compiled by Spanish missionaries in the seventeenth century: (1) kang7 共 expressing relationship of co-participation, (2) kang7 共 exhibiting a unilateral relationship, and (3) kang7 共 showing a co-ordinate relationship. Ka7 as a reflex of kang7 共 is limited to the unilateral relationship construction in modern Taiwanese Southern Min. Thus, there is a lexical replacement by which kang7 共 claiming both a co-participation relationship and a co-ordinate relationship in earlier times is replaced by kap4/kah4 合 or its dialectal variants such as tsham1 摻, ham7 含 and kiau1 交 in Taiwanese Southern Min. However, the situation concerning the constructional types claimed by 共 vis-à-vis 合 is somewhat different if we take other modern Southern Min varieties such as Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Chaozhou into consideration. Quanzhou seems to be more conservative than Zhangzhou and Chaozhou in that kang7 共 holds faster to its original domain.
Keywords 关键词
Co-participation 协同 Unilateral 单边的 conjunction 对等连接 Diachrony 历时 Dialectal variation 方言差异 Southern Min 闽南语